To previous exposure to bird schistosome cercariae. Emphasis was placed on clinical symptoms and their relation The patients had been in contact with water from (swimmer’s itch) during the period 2019-2020. Article IV describes five cases of cercarial dermatitis (March, June and August) and showed that temperature and light influence shedding, behavior and As aīasis we determined infection levels of intermediate host snails from early spring to late summer Article III presents a risk analysisįor human infection with the avian schistosome parasite (Trichobilharzia szidati cercariae). (conductivity, alkalinity, pH, nitrogen, phosphorous) was found. Presence of susceptible snails and bird hosts, we found that the abiotic factor temperature wasĬlearly associated with infection, whereas no evident relation with other abiotic factors Were evaluated as decisive factors for infection in a habitat. Identification performed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Released schistosome cercariae were isolated, DNA extracted and They were transported to our laboratory andĬercarial shedding performed. Specimens were sampled in 39 freshwater lakes. Geographic regions in Denmark in the period 2018–2020. Article II describes anĮxtensive survey of infected intermediate host snails which was conducted in four major Occurrence of the human cases and infected snail hosts in Denmark. Article I describes the clinical picture of cercarial dermatitis and elaborates on the Morphometric and molecular diagnosis of the cercariae as the etiological causes of cercarialĭermatitis. Intermediate snails host and the bird as definitive host. Reviewed articles and describes the biological background for the life cycle comprising the The thesis is based on 4 published scientific peer The parasite occurrence and a risk analysis. Study initiated in 2018, including characterization of clinical cases, ecological studies related to
The present thesis is the result of a concerted Recent years called for further mapping of risk areas. However, the increasing number of human cases during Number of freshwater lakes in Denmark have shown that bird schistosomes Trichobilharzia spp.Īnd Bilharziella spp. Snails as intermediate hosts and birds as final hosts, whereas human is an accidental host, in whichįull development to the sexual stage does not take place.
Swimmers itch rash pictures skin#
Trichobilharzia which usually die in the human skin shortly after penetration.
The infectious agents are avian schistosome larvae (cercariae) of the genus Patients become infected during their contact with infected freshwater containing infectiveĬercariae, and the disease picture is therefore often described after bathing in freshwater lakes inĭenmark. Swimmer’s itch, which is a skin disorder caused by penetrating avian schistosome cercariae. The infection in human is termed cercarial dermatitis or During the last decades human infections with avian schistosome larvae have been observed inĭenmark with increasing frequency.
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